Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is used in what context?

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is specifically administered before surgery with the primary goal of reducing the size or extent of the tumor. This approach can make surgical removal easier, more effective, and may also minimize the risk of cancer recurrence. By shrinking the tumor, neoadjuvant therapy can facilitate a more conservative surgical approach, potentially allowing for less extensive surgery and preserving surrounding healthy tissue.

The timing of the chemotherapy is crucial; it precedes surgical intervention rather than following it or being used in cases of advanced metastatic disease. This proactive strategy can also provide an early indication of how the tumor responds to the treatment, allowing oncologists to assess the effectiveness of the chemotherapy regimen before surgery.