What are sanctuary sites in the context of cancer treatment?

Sanctuary sites in the context of cancer treatment refer specifically to areas in the body where tumor cells can become sequestered, making them difficult to treat with chemotherapy. These regions may provide a protective environment that prevents chemotherapy drugs from effectively reaching the cancer cells. Examples of sanctuary sites include the central nervous system, testes, and certain areas within the bone.

Chemotherapy is most effective against cells that are rapidly dividing and accessible in the bloodstream. However, sanctuary sites can harbor cancerous cells in a way that allows them to evade the effects of systemic chemotherapy, thereby complicating treatment efforts. Understanding these sanctuary sites is crucial for developing comprehensive treatment plans, as they may require alternative strategies, such as intrathecal chemotherapy for central nervous system involvement or other targeted therapies to address cancer confined in these hard-to-reach regions.