What are some common side effects of corticosteroids?

Corticosteroids are a class of medications that mimic the effects of hormones your body produces naturally in your adrenal glands. They are commonly used in the treatment of various conditions, including inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and certain types of cancer.

One of the well-known effects of corticosteroids is their impact on metabolism and appetite. They often lead to increased appetite, which can result in weight gain. Additionally, corticosteroids can affect glucose metabolism, leading to hyperglycemia, which is an elevated blood sugar level. This is particularly relevant for patients with diabetes or those at risk of developing diabetes, as corticosteroids can necessitate careful monitoring of blood sugar levels.

The other options provided, while they may represent side effects associated with other medications or conditions, do not accurately reflect the common side effects of corticosteroids. Weight loss and elevated mood are not typical effects seen with corticosteroid use; instead, patients may experience weight gain and mood swings, including irritability or mood changes. Nausea and vomiting are more commonly associated with chemotherapy agents, while hair loss and fatigue are often observed in cancer treatments and not primarily as a result of corticosteroid use. Therefore, increased appetite and hyperglycemia represent the correct understanding of the common side effects associated with corticosteroids